EC 2203 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
AIM
To learn the basic methods for the design of digital circuits and provide the fundamental concepts used in the design of digital systems.
OBJECTIVES
To introduce basic postulates of Boolean algebra and shows the correlation between Boolean expressions
To introduce the methods for simplifying Boolean expressions
To outline the formal procedures for the analysis and design of combinational circuits
and sequential circuits
To introduce the concept of memories and programmable logic devices.
To illustrate the concept of synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits
UNIT I MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND LOGIC GATES
Minimization Techniques: Boolean postulates and laws – De-Morgan’s Theorem -Principle of Duality - Boolean expression - Minimization of Boolean expressions –– Minterm – Maxterm - Sum of Products (SOP) – Product of Sums (POS) – Karnaugh map Minimization – Don’t care conditions - Quine-McCluskey method of minimization.
Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, Exclusive–OR and Exclusive–NORImplementations of Logic Functions using gates, NAND–NOR implementations – Multi level gate implementations- Multi output gate implementations. TTL and CMOS Logic and their characteristics – Tristate gates
UNIT II COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS 12
Design procedure – Half adder – Full Adder – Half subtractor – Full subtractor – Parallel binary adder, parallel binary Subtractor – Fast Adder - Carry Look Ahead adder – Serial Adder/Subtractor - BCD adder – Binary Multiplier – Binary Divider - Multiplexer/ Demultiplexer – decoder - encoder – parity checker – parity generators – code converters - Magnitude Comparator.
UNIT III SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS
Latches, Flip-flops - SR, JK, D, T, and Master-Slave – Characteristic table and equation –Application table – Edge triggering – Level Triggering – Realization of one flip flop using other flip flops – serial adder/subtractor- Asynchronous Ripple or serial counter – Asynchronous Up/Down counter - Synchronous counters – Synchronous Up/Down counters – Programmable counters – Design of Synchronous counters: state diagram- State table –State minimization –State assignment - Excitation table and maps-Circuit implementation - Modulo–n counter, Registers – shift registers - Universal shift registers – Shift register counters – Ring counter – Shift counters - Sequence generators.
UNIT IV MEMORY DEVICES
Classification of memories – ROM - ROM organization - PROM – EPROM – EEPROM – EAPROM, RAM – RAM organization – Write operation – Read operation – Memory cycle - Timing wave forms – Memory decoding – memory expansion – Static RAM Cell- Bipolar RAM cell – MOSFET RAM cell – Dynamic RAM cell –Programmable Logic Devices – Programmable Logic Array (PLA) - Programmable Array Logic (PAL) – Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) - Implementation of combinational logic circuits using ROM, PLA, PAL
UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS
Synchronous Sequential Circuits: General Model – Classification – Design – Use of Algorithmic State Machine – Analysis of Synchronous Sequential Circuits
Asynchronous Sequential Circuits: Design of fundamental mode and pulse mode circuits – Incompletely specified State Machines – Problems in Asynchronous Circuits – Design of Hazard Free Switching circuits. Design of Combinational and Sequential circuits using VERILOG
TEXT BOOKS
1. M. Morris Mano, Digital Design, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2003 / Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
2. S. Salivahanan and S. Arivazhagan, Digital Circuits and Design, 3rd Edition., Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2006
REFERENCES
1. John F.Wakerly, Digital Design, Fourth Edition, Pearson/PHI, 2006
2. John.M Yarbrough, Digital Logic Applications and Design, Thomson Learning, 2002.
3. Charles H.Roth. Fundamentals of Logic Design, Thomson Learning, 2003.
4. Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, 6th Edition, TMH, 2003.
5. William H. Gothmann, Digital Electronics, 2nd Edition, PHI, 1982.
6. Thomas L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 8th Edition, Pearson Education Inc, New Delhi, 2003
7. Donald D.Givone, Digital Principles and Design, TMH, 2003.