CE2204 SURVEYING I
OBJECTIVE
At the end of the course the student will posses knowledge about Chain surveying, Compass surveying, Plane table surveying, Levelling, Theodolite surveying and Engineering surveys.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND CHAIN SURVEYING
Definition - Principles - Classification - Field and office work - Scales - Conventional signs - Survey instruments, their care and adjustment - Ranging and chaining - Reciprocal ranging - Setting perpendiculars - well - conditioned triangles - Traversing - Plotting - Enlarging and reducing figures.
UNIT II COMPASS SURVEYING AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
Prismatic compass - Surveyor’s compass - Bearing - Systems and conversions – Local attraction - Magnetic declination - Dip - Traversing - Plotting - Adjustment of errors - Plane table instruments and accessories - Merits and demerits - Methods - Radiation - Intersection - Resection - Traversing.
UNIT III LEVELLING AND APPLICATIONS
Level line - Horizontal line - Levels and Staves - Spirit level - Sensitiveness - Bench marks - Temporary and permanent adjustments - Fly and check levelling - Booking - Reduction - Curvature and refraction - Reciprocal levelling - Longitudinal and cross sections - Plotting - Calculation of areas and volumes - Contouring - Methods - Characteristics and uses of contours - Plotting - Earth work volume - Capacity of reservoirs.
UNIT IV THEODOLITE SURVEYING
Theodolite - Vernier and microptic - Description and uses - Temporary and permanent adjustments of vernier transit - Horizontal angles - Vertical angles - Heights and distances - Traversing - Closing error and distribution - Gale’s tables - Omitted measurements.
UNIT V ENGINEERING SURVEYS
Reconnaissance, preliminary and location surveys for engineering projects - Lay out – Setting out works - Route Surveys for highways, railways and waterways - Curve ranging – Horizontal and vertical curves - Simple curves - Setting with chain and tapes, tangential angles by theodolite, double theodolite - Compound and reverse curves - Transition curves – Functions and requirements - Setting out by offsets and angles - Vertical curves - Sight distances – Mine Surveying - instruments - Tunnels - Correlation of under ground and surface surveys - Shafts - Adits.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Bannister A. and Raymond S., Surveying, ELBS, Sixth Edition, 1992.
2. Kanetkar T.P., Surveying and Levelling, Vols. I and II, United Book Corporation, Pune, 1994.
3. Punmia B.C. Surveying, Vols. I, II and III, Laxmi Publications, 1989
REFERENCES
1. Clark D., Plane and Geodetic Surveying, Vols. I and II, C.B.S. Publishers and
Distributors, Delhi, Sixth Edition, 1971.
2. James M.Anderson and Edward M.Mikhail, Introduction to Surveying, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1985.
3. Heribert Kahmen and Wolfgang Faig, Surveying, Walter de Gruyter, 1995.